A jurist or jurisconsult is a professional A profession is a vocation founded upon specialised educational training, the purpose of which is to supply disinterested counsel and service to others, for a direct and definite compensation, wholly apart from expectation of other business gain who studies, develops, applies, or otherwise deals with the law Law is a system of rules, usually enforced through a set of institutions. Laws can shape or reflect politics, economics and society in numerous ways and serves as a primary social mediator of relations between people. Contract law regulates everything from buying a bus ticket to trading on derivatives markets. Property law defines rights and. The term is widely used in American English American English is a set of dialects of the English language used mostly in the United States. Approximately two thirds of native speakers of English live in the United States, but in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland[note 7] is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many small islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land and many Commonwealth The Commonwealth of Nations, normally referred to as the Commonwealth and previously as the British Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of fifty-four independent member states. All but two of these countries were formerly part of the British Empire countries it has only historical and specialist usage. In most of Continental Europe Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent, is the continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European islands. Notably, in British English usage, the term means Europe excluding the United Kingdom, the Isle of Man, the Channel Islands, Ireland and Iceland any person who possesses a degree in law and works professionally with the law is referred to with a word resembling jurist (e.g., juriste, jurista, etc.).
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English speaking countries
There is no alternative word for "jurist" in English-speaking countries outside the U.S. Members of the general public are largely unaware of the term and are likely to confuse it with "juror A jury is a sworn body of people convened to render an impartial verdict officially submitted to them by a court, or to set a penalty or judgment. Modern juries tend to be found in courts to judge whether an accused person is not guilty or guilty of a crime. (There is no such verdict as 'innocent')". Although the word "jurist" can technically be applied to anyone having a thorough knowledge of law, American lawyers usually use the word only to refer to a judge A judge, or arbiter of justice, is a lead who presides over a court of law, either alone or as part of a panel of judges. The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. The judge is like an umpire in a game and conducts the trial impartially and in an open court. The. The term "legal professional" may be used for convenience. Within the legal community usage of "jurist" is usually restricted to eminent judges A judge, or arbiter of justice, is a lead who presides over a court of law, either alone or as part of a panel of judges. The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. The judge is like an umpire in a game and conducts the trial impartially and in an open court. The or academics. Apart from this people working in law are usually described as "lawyers A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person licensed to practice law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain the stability of political and social authority, and deliver" or solicitors Solicitors are lawyers who traditionally deal with any legal matter apart from conducting proceedings in courts , with some exceptions. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the legal profession is split between solicitors and barristers, and a lawyer will usually only hold one title. However, in Canada, New Zealand and some Australian states, the if they are practicing law, or as belonging to a more specific branch of the legal profession, such as barrister A barrister is a lawyer found in many common law jurisdictions that employ a split profession in relation to legal representation. In split professions, the other types of lawyers are mainly solicitors. Solicitors have more direct contact with the clients, whereas barristers often only become involved in a case once advocacy before a court is or advocate An advocate is someone who speaks on behalf of another person, especially in a legal context. It is used primarily in reference to the system of Scots law, Anglo-Dutch law, Scandinavian and Israeli law, and also to refer to the fused legal professions in the Channel Islands and Isle of Man. Implicit in the concept is the notion that the, judge or law professor. Less qualified professionals may be referred to as paralegals Paralegal is a term that is used in most jurisdictions to describe a non-lawyer who assists lawyers in their legal work. This is true in the United States and many other countries. However, in Ontario, Canada, paralegals are licensed by the Law Society of Upper Canada, giving paralegals an independent status in this jurisdiction. Only in very rare or legal executives.
Continental Europe
In some of Continental Europe Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent, is the continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European islands. Notably, in British English usage, the term means Europe excluding the United Kingdom, the Isle of Man, the Channel Islands, Ireland and Iceland, anyone with a degree in law (e.g., a bachelor The Bachelor of Laws is an undergraduate, or bachelor, degree in law offered in most common law countries as the primary law degree and which originated in England. It was established as a liberal arts degree, which requires that the student undertake a certain amount of study of the classics. Nonetheless, the goals of most LL.B. programs are to or master of laws The Master of Laws is an advanced academic degree, or research degree , and is commonly abbreviated LL.M. (also LLM or LL.M, though these are technically incorrect) from its Latin name, Legum Magister. (For female students, the less common variant Legum Magistra may also be used.)) may be called a jurist. Such jurists can practice law as employees hired by law firms or legal departments of other business entities. Being a jurist does not necessarily mean that one has the privileges usually attributed to "attorney A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person licensed to practice law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain the stability of political and social authority, and deliver" or "solicitor". In Germany, for example, you do a first Examination ("Erstes Staatsexamen") after four years of University studies. If you pass the Examination you are a "Referendar jur." ("Jurist"). With this you can apply to a two year post-university education called "Referendariat". If you do this, you are employed by a German State Government and work in several positions; normally: judge assistant, assistant to a public prosecutor, civil servant and assistant to a "barrister". Then you have to do a second Examination ("Zweites Staatsexamen"). If you pass it, you are a ("Assessor jur"), ("Volljurist"). With this title, you can apply as a judge, public prosecutor, civil servant or you can work as a Rechtsanwalt ("barrister"). Independently from this, some German universities offer LLM The Master of Laws is an advanced academic degree, or research degree , and is commonly abbreviated LL.M. (also LLM or LL.M, though these are technically incorrect) from its Latin name, Legum Magister. (For female students, the less common variant Legum Magistra may also be used.) studies, but they do not give anyone the qualification to apply for one of the jobs mentioned above. Alternatively, the LLM degree taken in the US would provide a German qualified lawyer with the opportunity to become a US Attorney.
Russia and Ukraine
Law degree A Law degree is the degree conferred on someone who successfully completes studies in law although many degrees are insufficient education for a license to practice law by the administrative body of that jurisdiction. For example in England and Wales, one needs to complete the Legal Practice Course to become a solicitor or called to the bar to be - jurist (often compared to an LL.M. The Master of Laws is an advanced academic degree, or research degree , and is commonly abbreviated LL.M. (also LLM or LL.M, though these are technically incorrect) from its Latin name, Legum Magister. (For female students, the less common variant Legum Magistra may also be used.), but in fact equivalent to the degree of Specialist specific to the Soviet educational system) is awarded in Russia Russia (pronounced /ˈrʌʃə/ ; Russian: Россия, tr. Rossiya, pronounced [rɐˈsʲijə] ( listen)), also officially known as the Russian Federation (Russian: Российская Федерация, tr. Rossiyskaya Federatsiya, pronounced [rɐˈsʲijskəjə fʲɪdʲɪˈraʦəjə] ( listen)), is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal and Ukraine Ukraine (pronounced /juːˈkreɪn/ ew-KRAYN; Ukrainian: Україна, transliterated: Ukrayina, [ukrɑˈjinɑ]) is the second largest country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by the Russian Federation to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of after 5 years of study at a university A university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants academic degrees in a variety of subjects. A university is a corporation that provides both undergraduate education and postgraduate education. The word university is derived from the Latin universitas magistrorum et scholarium, roughly meaning "community of. Jurist degree may also be awarded in a shorter period of time if a law student has already completed Bachelor or Specialist degree in another field of studies or has previously earned a basic law degree (comparable to Paralegal, an Associate degree in U.S.) from a specialized law college. Bachelor jurist degree (equivalent to Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.)) may be earned concurrently with another Bachelor or Master degree in some universities (comparable to a double-major). Note that this fused, one-degree (Specialist) educational scheme has coexisted with the two-degree (bachelor's - master's) scheme since Russia and Ukraine launched their higher education reforms to bring the domestic educational systems in closer compliance with the Bologna accords. See also academic degree A degree is any of a wide range of status levels conferred by institutions of higher education. Such as with other professions, teaching in universities is only carried out by people who are properly qualified. In the same way that a carpenter would pass through the grades of apprentice and journeyman to attain the status of master carpenter when. The latest educational reforms created new system where a four-year law program is offered at the universities for earning Bachelor's degree, and a five-year law program is offered for Master's degree. The degree of Specialist is no longer awarded and is renamed into Master degree.
History of the legal profession
Main article: History of the legal profession The earliest people who could be described as "lawyers" were probably the orators of ancient Athens . However, Athenian orators faced serious structural obstacles. First, there was a rule that individuals were supposed to plead their own cases, which was soon bypassed by the increasing tendency of individuals to ask a "friend"See also
- Ius The IntraUterine System or IUS is a hormonal contraceptive device that is placed in the uterus. An IUS has a hormone cylinder that releases a progestin called levonorgestrel. The only brand currently available is the T-frame LNG-20 IUS, marketed as Mirena Coil by Schering Health and Berlex Laboratories
- Lawspeaker A lawspeaker (Swedish: lagman, Old Swedish: laghmaþer or laghman, Danish: lagmand, Norwegian: lagmann, Icelandic: lögmaður, Faroese: løgmaður) is a unique Scandinavian legal office. It has its basis in a common Germanic oral tradition, where wise men were asked to recite the law, but it was only in Scandinavia that the function evolved into
- Magistrate A magistrate is a judicial officer; in ancient Rome, the word magistratus denoted one of the highest government officers with judicial and executive powers. Today, in common law systems, a magistrate has limited law enforcement and administration authority. In civil law systems, a magistrate might be a judge in a superior court; the magistrate's
- Jurisprudence Jurisprudence is the theory and philosophy of law. Scholars of jurisprudence, or legal theorists , hope to obtain a deeper understanding of the nature of law, of legal reasoning, legal systems and of legal institutions. Modern jurisprudence began in the 18th century and was focused on the first principles of the natural law, civil law, and the law
- Civil law notary Civil-law notaries, or Latin notaries, are lawyers of voluntary private civil law who draft, take, and record legal instruments for private parties, provide legal advice and give attendance in person, and are vested as public officers with the authentication power of the State. Unlike notaries public, their common-law counterparts, they are able
- Law school In the United States, law school is a postgraduate program that typically lasts three years and earns the student a Juris Doctor degree. Some schools in Louisiana concurrently award a Graduate Diploma in Civil Law (D.C.L.). To gain admission to a United States American Bar Association (ABA) approved law program, a prospective student must take the
- Master of Laws The Master of Laws is an advanced academic degree, or research degree , and is commonly abbreviated LL.M. (also LLM or LL.M, though these are technically incorrect) from its Latin name, Legum Magister. (For female students, the less common variant Legum Magistra may also be used.)
- List of jurists The following lists are of prominent jurists, including judges, listed in alphabetical order by jurisdiction. See also list of lawyers
References
External links
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Categories: Jurists | Scots law general titles | Law in the United Kingdom Categories: Law by country | United Kingdom | Social history of the United Kingdom | Public policy in the United Kingdom
Tue, 06 Jul 2010 08:01:13 GMT+00:00
The Guardian Perhaps some Lebanese commit themselves to the policy of the Guardian Jurist , as some of them commit themselves to the policy of the Vatican. ... Iran and Hezbollah's Spiritual Leader Wall Street Journal Fadlallah's Death Leaves a Vacuum in the Islamic World Middle East Online Top Lebanon cleric Fadlallah dies at 75 Kuwait Times
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Familjens Jurist tidningsannons Familjens Jurist sparvagnsreklam insida
Hillary Stemple
Fri, 16 Jul 2010 19:17:17 GM
[. JURIST. ] New York Governor David Paterson (D) [official website] signed a bill [press release] Friday prohibiting the retention of personal information of individuals detained New York City police during a "stop and frisk" but ...
Q. Clarence Thomas has proven himself to be one of the most competent jurists ever place on the supreme court, yet Barack Obama says he would not have nominated him. Are the Democrats really for minorities, or does the party of Nancy Pelosi, Harry Reid, and Joe Biden simply exude raw left wing, government power for their party, ambition?
Asked by zhoukies - Wed Sep 10 19:09:10 2008 - - 1 Answers - 0 Comments
A. Maybe they're evaluating him on the issues and not color. Just a guess.
Answered by Ryan - Wed Sep 10 19:12:55 2008
